Pharmacology is the study of drugs, their sources, chemical properties, biological effects, and therapeutic uses. It is a multidisciplinary field that combines elements of biology, chemistry, and medicine to understand how drugs interact with the body and how the body responds to them. The course covers drug classifications, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion), and pharmacodynamics (how drugs exert their effects). It also explores drug development, clinical trials, adverse drug reactions, and the role of drugs in treating diseases. Students learn about different drug formulations, routes of administration, and factors influencing drug efficacy and safety. Special topics may include toxicology, personalized medicine, and the impact of pharmacogenetics on drug response. The course often involves both theoretical and practical components, including laboratory work, case studies, and clinical applications. Pharmacology is essential for healthcare professionals, including doctors, pharmacists, and nurses, as it provides the knowledge required for safe and effective medication use.