Geology is the study of the Earth, its materials, structures, processes, and history. It explores the composition and properties of rocks, minerals, and fossils to understand the planet's formation and evolution. The course covers topics such as plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, erosion, and sedimentation, providing insight into how landscapes change over time. It also examines the Earth's interior, including its layers, heat flow, and the role of geological forces in shaping the surface.  

Students learn about geological time, dating methods, and the fossil record to reconstruct past environments and climate changes. The course often includes practical components such as fieldwork, laboratory analysis, and the use of geological tools and maps. Applied aspects of geology, such as natural resource exploration, environmental management, and hazard assessment, are also covered.  

By studying geology, students gain an understanding of Earth's dynamic systems and the interconnected processes that influence its structure and sustainability. The knowledge acquired in this course is valuable for careers in environmental science, mining, petroleum industries, conservation, and research.