History is the study of past events, societies, and civilizations, examining how they shaped the present. It involves analyzing political, social, economic, and cultural developments through sources like documents, artifacts, and oral traditions. Historians explore causes, effects, and patterns in human behavior across time, offering insights into conflicts, innovations, and societal transformations. The discipline helps us understand identity, governance, and global connections while fostering critical thinking. By studying history, we learn from past mistakes and achievements, guiding future decisions. It encompasses diverse fields, including world history, regional histories, and specialized topics like military, economic, or intellectual history.