Biotechnology is the application of biological systems, organisms, or processes to develop useful products and technologies for medicine, agriculture, industry, and the environment. The course covers areas such as genetic engineering, molecular biology, bioinformatics, industrial microbiology, and bioprocessing. Students learn how to manipulate living cells and biomolecules for innovations like vaccines, genetically modified crops, biofuels, and diagnostic tools. Graduates can work in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, environmental management, food technology, and research institutions.