Economics is the study of how societies, businesses, and individuals make choices about how to allocate their limited resources to meet their needs and desires. It explores the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, examining the behavior of individuals, firms, governments, and entire economies. Economics is divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on the decisions made by individual agents like consumers and businesses, and macroeconomics, which looks at broader issues such as inflation, unemployment, and national economic growth. The course introduces various economic models and theories, helping students understand how markets function, how prices are determined, and how economic policies affect people's lives. It also investigates the role of government in regulating economic activity, addressing market failures, and promoting social welfare. By analyzing real-world issues, students learn how to think critically about economic challenges and apply their knowledge to make informed decisions in a complex, interconnected world.