Ophthalmology is a specialized field of medicine focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of eye disorders and diseases. The course typically covers the structure and function of the eye, vision, and the various conditions that affect eye health, ranging from common refractive errors like nearsightedness and farsightedness to more complex diseases such as glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Students gain in-depth knowledge about ocular anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and the principles of surgical and non-surgical interventions. The curriculum also includes training in various diagnostic tools and techniques used in ophthalmology, such as slit-lamp examination, tonometry, and fundus photography. Alongside theoretical knowledge, practical skills are honed through clinical placements and hands-on experience with patients, preparing students for a career in diagnosing and treating a wide range of eye conditions.