Crop and soil science is a course that focuses on understanding the principles and practices involved in the cultivation of crops and the management of soils to support sustainable agricultural production. It explores the biological, chemical, and physical properties of soil, the role of nutrients, and the impact of soil conditions on plant growth. The course also examines crop physiology, genetics, breeding, and protection, along with the interactions between crops and environmental factors. Students learn about soil conservation techniques, irrigation practices, pest and disease management, and the use of technology in modern agriculture. The overall goal is to equip learners with the knowledge and skills needed to improve crop yields, maintain soil health, and contribute to food security and environmental sustainability.